In the world of outdoor adventure, every detail counts, and a reliable outdoor watch is an indispensable piece of equipment.

Nowadays, more and more outdoor watches are using carbon fiber composite materials as their shells, such as NORTH EDGE MARS, NORTH EDGE MARS PRO and NORTH EDGE ALPS. Because there are many interesting reasons behind this.

Firstly, they offer a high strength-to-weight ratio. This ensures the shell is robust and durable while reducing the watch's overall weight, allowing wearers to move freely and minimizing the burden during outdoor activities.

 

Secondly, these materials are highly resistant to wear and corrosion. They protect the movement and components from scratches, collisions, and sweat erosion, prolonging the watch's lifespan.

 

Impact resistance is another key factor. In outdoor adventures, accidental impacts are common, but carbon fiber composite materials can absorb and disperse the forces, safeguarding the watch.

 

Good temperature adaptability is also crucial. Whether in extreme hot or cold, the performance of these materials remains stable, ensuring the watch functions properly in all climates.

 

Finally, the unique texture and look of carbon fiber add a fashionable and high-end touch, meeting outdoor enthusiasts' desires for personalized and quality products.

In conclusion, the numerous benefits of carbon fiber composite materials make them the perfect choice for outdoor watch shells, delivering reliable, durable, and aesthetically appealing timepieces to outdoor enthusiasts.

Hey everyone!

Father's Day is coming up, and I want to share an amazing gift option - the Snow Leopard watch.

This watch is truly extraordinary. It not only tells time accurately with its hour, minute, second, year, month, and day display, but also has a 12/24H system. It offers a whole range of practical functions like atmospheric pressure measurement, altitude measurement, stopwatch, compass, alarm, thermometer, and a second time function. The backlight is handy, and the sleep function is a nice touch.

It's a combination of style and functionality that any father would love to have on his wrist. It's the ideal way to show our appreciation and love for our dads this Father's Day.

Don't miss out on this great gift choice!

First, let's discuss the causes of low-frequency vibrations.

Repeated tests have shown that low-frequency vibrations are primarily caused by the resonances of the building. The construction specifications for industrial and civil buildings are generally similar in terms of floor height, depth, span, beam and column sections, walls, floor beams, raft slabs, etc. Although there may be some differences, particularly regarding low-frequency resonances, common characteristics can be identified.

Here are some patterns observed in building vibrations:

1. Buildings with linear or point-shaped floor plans tend to exhibit larger low-frequency resonances, while those with other shapes such as T, H, L, S, or U have smaller resonances.

2. In buildings with linear floor plans, vibrations along the long axis are often more pronounced than those along the short axis.

3. In the same building, the first floor without a basement typically experiences the smallest vibrations. As the floor height increases, the vibrations worsen. The vibrations in the first floor of a building with a basement are similar to those in the second floor, and the lowest vibrations are typically observed in the lowest level of the basement.

4. Vertical vibrations are generally larger than horizontal vibrations and are independent of the floor level.

5. Thicker floor slabs result in smaller differences between vertical and horizontal vibrations. In the majority of cases, vertical vibrations are larger than horizontal vibrations.

6. Unless there is a significant vibration source, vibrations within the same floor of a building are generally consistent. This applies to locations in the middle of a room as well as those near walls, columns, or overhead beams. However, even if measurements are taken at the same location without any movement and with a few minutes interval, the values are likely to differ.

Now that we know the sources and characteristics of low-frequency vibrations, we can take targeted improvement measures and make advanced assessments of the vibration conditions in certain environments.

Improving low-frequency vibrations can be costly, and sometimes it is not feasible due to environmental constraints. Thus, in practical applications, it is often advantageous to choose or relocate to a better site for operating an electron microscope laboratory.

Next, let's discuss the impact of low-frequency vibrations and potential solutions.

Vibrations below 20 Hz have a significant disruptive effect on electron microscopes, as depicted in the following figures.

Image 1

Image 2

Image 1 and Image 2 were taken by the same Scanning Electron Microscope (both at 300kx magnification). However, due to the presence of vibration interference, Image 1 has noticeable jaggedness in the horizontal direction (in segments), and the clarity and resolution of the image are significantly reduced. Image 2 is the result obtained from the same sample after eliminating the vibration interference.

If the test results indicate that the location where the microscope is to be installed has excessive vibrations, appropriate measures must be taken; otherwise, the microscope manufacturer cannot guarantee that the performance of the microscope after installation can meet the optimal design standards. Generally, several methods can be chosen to improve or solve the issue, such as using an Anti-Vibration Foundation, Passive-Vibration Isolation Platform, or Active-Vibration Isolation Platform.

An Anti-Vibration Foundation requires on-site construction and special measures need to be taken (such as having an elastic cushion layer at the bottom and surrounding areas). Conventional construction methods may potentially increase low-frequency vibrations (below 20Hz). The construction process involving a large amount of construction materials coming in and out may inevitably affect the surrounding environment. A schematic diagram of an Anti-Vibration Foundation can be seen in Image3.

Image3 

A concrete vibration isolation platform with a mass of around 50 tons generally achieves a vibration reduction effect of -2 to -10dB at frequencies above 2Hz. The larger the mass of the concrete vibration isolation platform, the better the vibration reduction. If conditions permit, it should be made as large as possible.

Based on multiple tests conducted in different locations, vibration isolation platforms weighing less than 5 tons exhibit resonance in the low-frequency range of 1-10Hz, which increases vibration. Those weighing less than 20 tons are ineffective, and the effective range starts at over 30 tons. No data is available for 30-40 tons, so it is advisable to avoid weights below 50 tons. A university in Beijing has achieved good results with a vibration isolation platform weighing around 100-200 tons. In a research institute in Chongqing, the ground concrete was directly poured on massive rocks, resulting in minimal vibration.

Among passive vibration dampers, commonly used options like rubber, steel springs, and air springs (cylinders) provide poor performance in the low-frequency range below 20Hz. They often amplify vibrations due to resonance, so they are not considered suitable.

Only magnetic dampers show acceptable low-frequency performance, but their performance is still far inferior to active dampers (similar to the vibration reduction effect of concrete vibration isolation platforms). Figure 4 compares the effectiveness of several methods.

Figure 4

Upon careful observation of Figure 4, we can draw the following conclusions:

1. The resonance frequency (fh) of the carbon steel spring is approximately 50 Hz. It does not provide any damping effect below 70 Hz and, in fact, amplifies the vibration due to resonance. The rubber pad has an fh of approximately 25 Hz and does not provide any damping effect below 35 Hz, also amplifying the vibration due to resonance.

2. Concrete dampers with a capacity below 5 tons exhibit resonance below 10 Hz and are often less effective than not using a damper at all.

3. Air springs have an fh of approximately 15 Hz, providing good damping above 25 Hz and excellent damping above 40 Hz. They are widely used for vibration isolation in precision equipment such as optical platforms. However, they exhibit significant resonance below 20 Hz, making them unsuitable for damping electron microscopes (although some electron microscopes do use air springs as a last resort).

4. Magnetic dampers provide satisfactory low-frequency damping and can be used when strict requirements are not imposed.

5. Various active dampers achieve excellent damping effects. Their resonance frequencies can be below 1 Hz, and they can provide damping up to -10 to -22 dB in the 2-10 Hz range, making them ideal for applications requiring effective damping in the low-frequency range.

In general, vibrations below 20 Hz are considered to have a significant impact on electron microscopes and are difficult to mitigate. Since most people cannot perceive vibrations below 20 Hz, it often leads to a misconception that there is no vibration when significant low-frequency vibrations are present.

Passive dampers utilize the physical properties of damping devices, such as their mass and inherent vibration transmission characteristics, to isolate and attenuate external vibrations affecting the electron microscope. The working principle of passive dampers can be referenced in Figure 5.

Figure 5

The working principle of active dampers is significantly different from passive dampers. Various types of active dampers have similar working principles, which involve a three-dimensional sensor detecting external vibrations in three directions. The sensor sends the information to a PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) controller, which generates control signals with equal amplitude but opposite phase. These control signals are then used by an actuator to generate internal vibrations with equal amplitude and opposite phases to counteract or reduce the external vibrations. The working principle of active dampers can be referred to as shown in Figure 6.

Figure 6

Active dampers commonly used include piezoelectric ceramic dampers, pneumatic dampers, and electromagnetic dampers. Their differences mainly lie in the actuation mechanism, while 3D detectors and PID controllers are relatively similar.

Piezoelectric Ceramic Dampers:

They utilize the piezoelectric effect of the ceramic material to generate three-dimensional internal vibrations with equal amplitude and opposite phase.

Pneumatic Dampers:

Controlled by a PID controller, the inlet and outlet valves modulate the continuous compressed air in a special cylinder to generate three-dimensional internal vibrations with equal amplitude and opposite phase.

Electromagnetic Dampers:

The PID controller controls three sets of electromagnetic coils to generate three-dimensional internal vibrations with equal amplitude and opposite phase.

Active dampers can achieve vibration reduction effects of approximately -22 to -28 dB above 20 Hz (although there have been claims of achieving -38 dB, they are mostly unsubstantiated).

Different types of active dampers also have significant price differences. Generally, the dampers are prepared before the electron microscope is installed and are installed simultaneously with the microscope.

In addition, under specific conditions, a vibration isolation trench can also achieve good damping effects.

Figure 7 depicts a situation where the vibration isolation trench is.

Figure 7

Figure 8

Figure 8 represents an ineffective scenario for a vibration trench.

In general, the deeper the vibration trench, the better the damping effect (the width of the trench has little impact on the damping effect). Here is a comparison of several common damping methods:

In the world of electrical engineering, maintaining power quality is crucial for the stability and efficiency of industrial systems. When it comes to power factor correction and voltage stabilization, two common solutions are often discussed: Static Var Generators (SVG) and traditional capacitors. While both technologies serve to improve power quality, they differ significantly in their functionality, applications, and benefits.

In this article, we will explore the differences between SVGs and capacitors, highlighting the advantages that SVGs offer over traditional solutions.

What is a Static Var Generator (SVG)?

An SVG is an advanced power electronics-based device that dynamically compensates reactive power in real-time. Unlike traditional methods that rely on fixed or mechanical devices, SVGs use semiconductor components to provide fast and flexible reactive power compensation, enhancing the stability and efficiency of electrical systems.

At YT Electric, we specialize in cutting-edge SVG technology designed to deliver reliable, real-time reactive power compensation for industries across the globe. Our SVGs ensure power quality and improve system performance in demanding environments.

What Are Traditional Capacitors?

Traditional capacitors are passive devices that provide reactive power compensation by storing energy in an electric field. They are commonly used in power systems to improve the power factor by offsetting the inductive reactance of loads like motors, transformers, and other inductive devices. However, their performance is relatively static and can be impacted by load variations.

Key Differences Between SVG and Traditional Capacitors

1. Dynamic vs. Static Compensation

• SVG: Provides dynamic compensation, adjusting in real-time to fluctuating loads. It can quickly respond to changes in voltage and correct power factor automatically.
• Capacitors: Provide static compensation. Once installed, capacitors offer fixed compensation, which may not effectively address variations in load or voltage.

2. Response Time

• SVG: Reacts almost instantly (milliseconds) to changes in the system, ensuring continuous power quality. This is particularly important in systems with fluctuating loads or in industries with high demand for reactive power.
• Capacitors: Have a slower response time and are less effective at adjusting to rapid changes in the load or system conditions.

3. Harmonic Mitigation

• SVG: Can filter and mitigate harmonics in the system, providing cleaner power and protecting sensitive equipment from damage caused by harmonic distortion. This is crucial in modern industrial settings and renewable energy systems.
• Capacitors: Do not inherently filter harmonics. In fact, improperly sized or poorly tuned capacitors can amplify harmonic problems, leading to inefficiencies and potential equipment damage.

4. Efficiency and Flexibility

• SVG: Highly efficient and can adjust compensation based on real-time system demands. SVGs are especially beneficial in applications that experience rapid load fluctuations or in renewable energy systems (like photovoltaic setups) where power imbalances are common.
• Capacitors: Less flexible. They provide a fixed level of compensation, which may be insufficient or excessive depending on the system’s needs. Overcompensation can lead to overvoltage, while undercompensation can result in a poor power factor.

5. Maintenance and Longevity

• SVG: Requires minimal maintenance due to its solid-state design. The lack of moving parts means that SVGs have a longer operational life and greater reliability compared to traditional capacitor banks.
• Capacitors: Can degrade over time, especially if they are overused or exposed to conditions like overvoltage. They may need to be replaced or maintained periodically, leading to additional costs.

Advantages of SVG over Traditional Capacitors

1. Improved Power Quality
2. YT Electric’s SVG solutions ensure continuous power quality by providing real-time voltage stabilization and reactive power compensation. This reduces power losses and enhances the efficiency of the entire system, especially in complex industrial environments or renewable energy applications.
3. Enhanced System Stability
4. Unlike capacitors, SVGs can adjust quickly to changing system conditions, which helps maintain the stability of the grid or industrial power system. This is critical in systems where power demand fluctuates frequently.
5. Harmonic Filtering
6. YT Electric's SVGs are equipped with advanced harmonic filtering capabilities, ensuring that your system operates smoothly without distortion. This is especially important for industries with sensitive equipment, such as data centers or manufacturing plants, where harmonics can cause significant downtime or damage.
7. Longer Lifespan and Reliability
8. With no moving parts and a more durable design, SVGs offer a much longer lifespan than traditional capacitors. They require less maintenance, making them a more cost-effective solution over time.
9. Scalability and Flexibility
10. YT Electric's SVG systems are scalable and flexible, able to meet the growing demands of any industrial setup. Whether for a small facility or a large-scale renewable energy project, our SVG solutions can be customized to fit specific needs.

Applications of SVG vs Capacitors

• SVG: Ideal for dynamic environments with fluctuating loads, such as renewable energy systems (e.g., photovoltaics), data centers, industrial machinery, and high-tech manufacturing.
• Capacitors: Suitable for stable environments with predictable loads, such as smaller commercial facilities or systems with relatively steady power factor correction needs.
•  

SVGs as a Superior Solution

While traditional capacitors have been a reliable solution for power factor correction, the Static Var Generator (SVG) offers significant advantages in terms of flexibility, efficiency, and power quality. By providing real-time dynamic compensation, harmonic mitigation, and reduced maintenance needs, SVGs are the preferred choice for modern industrial applications and renewable energy systems.

At YT Electric, we are proud to offer state-of-the-art SVG solutions that meet the evolving demands of today’s power systems. Our SVGs not only improve power quality but also contribute to the overall efficiency and reliability of your electrical systems. If any questions about SVG and AHF, feel free to contact us: sales@yt-electric.com

Introduction:
In today's fast-paced technological landscape, accurate measurements play a pivotal role in various industries. Among these measurements, determining DC current holds immense significance, and one reliable method is through the utilization of the Hall effect sensor. In this comprehensive guide, we will explore the intricacies of measuring DC current using Hall effect sensors and unveil the fascinating principles behind this advanced technology.

1. Understanding the Hall Effect Phenomenon:
The Hall effect, named after its discoverer Edwin Hall, describes the generation of a voltage across a conductor when an electric current and a magnetic field are applied perpendicular to each other. This phenomenon forms the foundation of Hall effect sensors, which exploit this voltage generation for precise current measurements.

2. Components Required for DC Current Measurement:
To measure DC current using a Hall effect sensor, certain components must be gathered. These include the DC Current sensor itself, a power source, a magnet, and appropriate connection cables. Additionally, an instrumentation amplifier and an analog-to-digital converter may be employed for enhanced accuracy and digital signal processing.

3. Hall Effect Sensor Installation and Calibration:
The installation process involves placing the Hall effect sensor in proximity to the conductor carrying the DC current. Proper positioning and alignment of the sensor are essential for accurate measurements. Calibration ensures that the sensor's output corresponds precisely to the current being measured, eliminating any potential inaccuracies.

4. Signal Conditioning and Voltage Measurements:
The voltage generated by the Hall effect sensor is typically very small and requires amplification for reliable measurements. Signal conditioning techniques, such as filtering and amplification, are employed to enhance the sensor's output signal. Once conditioned, the voltage is converted to a measurable quantity using an analog-to-digital converter.

5. Data Analysis and Interpretation:
With the obtained voltage readings, precise calculations can be performed to determine the DC current passing through the conductor. Calibration factors and sensor specifications play a vital role in ensuring accurate and precise measurements. Proper data analysis techniques facilitate the extraction of meaningful insights from the measured current values.

Conclusion:
Measuring DC current using Hall effect sensors provides a reliable and non-intrusive method for various applications, ranging from power electronics to automotive systems. The principles behind the Hall effect phenomenon, combined with careful installation, calibration, and signal conditioning, enable accurate and robust current measurements. By harnessing the power of Hall effect sensors, engineers and researchers can pave the way for innovative advancements and ensure the efficient utilization of electrical energy in diverse industries.

Hall current sensors are an invaluable component in various industries, providing precise and reliable measurement of electrical currents. However, they face a constant challenge – interference. To ensure accurate readings, these sensors must possess exceptional anti-interference capabilities that shield them from external influences.

The need for anti-interference capability in Hall current sensors arises from the complex electrical environments they operate in. With the proliferation of electronic devices, electromagnetic fields pervade our surroundings, emanating from power lines, motors, and other sources. These electromagnetic interferences can distort the sensor's output, leading to inaccuracies and compromising their functionality.

To tackle this issue, Hall current sensors are meticulously designed to combat interference. Their construction involves robust shielding materials that effectively deflect external electromagnetic fields. Additionally, advanced electronic filtering techniques are employed to suppress noise and extraneous signals, ensuring the sensor focuses solely on the desired current measurements.

Anti-interference capability is especially crucial in applications where accuracy is paramount. In industrial settings, for instance, where machinery operates in close proximity to sensitive electronic equipment, even the slightest interference can result in significant errors. Thus, these sensors must possess a high level of immunity to electromagnetic disturbances.

Moreover, anti-interference capability is vital when monitoring electrical currents in complex systems. For instance, in smart grid networks, where multiple sources and loads coexist, the sensor must discern the desired current from an array of overlapping waveforms. By effectively rejecting unwanted signals, these sensors ensure accurate and reliable measurements, enabling efficient energy management.

Furthermore, anti-interference capability is essential in safety-critical applications. For instance, in the automotive industry, where Hall current sensors are utilized in electric vehicle charging systems, any interference could jeopardize the charging process and compromise user safety. Hence, these sensors must offer superior anti-interference performance to ensure seamless and secure operation.

In conclusion, the significance of anti-interference capability in Hall current sensors cannot be overstated. By shielding against external electromagnetic fields and employing advanced filtering techniques, these sensors provide accurate and reliable measurements in complex electrical environments. Their ability to resist interference is crucial for applications requiring precision and safety, making them in numerous industries.  Njtokensensor is a professional Hall effect sensor manufacturer, get more details from us quickly. 

Due to its moderate size, the 3.2 inch TFT display is favored in various application fields such as small industrial equipment, handheld testing instruments, beauty devices, smart homes, and consumer electronics.

Here, we will implore parameters such as resolution, size, driver IC, and interface type to help users better understand and select the 3.2 inch TFT display modules display module suitable for their applications.

Resolution:

The 3.2 inch TFT display is most commonly of portrait mode, with the most common resolution of 240x320 pixels. Some products also support higher resolutions, such as 320x480 pixels and 480x800 pixels. 

Landscape mode specifications are less common, for example with the resolution of 320x240 pixels.

Size:

Taking the most common specification of a 3.2 inch TFT LCD of 240x320 pixels as an example, its AA size is approximately 48.60(H) * 64.80(V)mm. For a resolution of 480x800 pixels, the AA size is approximately 41.76(H) * 69.60(V)mm. The display module's outline dimensions may vary depending on the specific display module structure.

Viewing Angle:

For 3.2 inch TFT LCDs with resolutions of 240x320 and 480x800 pixels, both TN mode and VA/IPS mode are available. TN mode typically has a viewing angle in the 6:00 or 12:00 direction, with a range of up to 70° (left/right/up/down) or specific viewing angles provided. IPS mode offers a wider viewing angle range, usually up to 80° (left/right/up/down), suitable for applications requiring a wide viewing angle.

Brightness:

The brightness range of a 3.2 inch TFT module could be customized depending on the product's application requirements. Brightness levels such as 250~300cd/m², 400~500cd/m², and 800~1000cd/m² are available.

Driver IC:

The common driver IC models for 3.2 inch TFT displays include ST7789, ST7793, or HX8357 (optional). Users need to consider factors such as driver IC compatibility, performance, and cost when making a selection.

Interface Type:

3.2 inch TFT displays support multiple interface types, such as SPI, MCU, and RGB. The specific interface may vary depending on the product, for example, MCU 8/9/16/18bit, SPI+RGB16/18bit, etc. Users need to select the appropriate interface type based on the device's motherboard interface and transmission speed requirements.

Touch Solution:

The touch method is one of the important ways for users to interact with the display screen. 3.2 inch TFT displays support resistive touchscreens or capacitive touchscreens (optional). Resistive touchscreens are controlled through pressure sensing, suitable for multiple touch methods such as fingers and styluses; while capacitive touchscreens work by sensing the human body's electrical current and only support finger operation. Users need to select the appropriate touch method based on the device's application scenario and user needs.

For example, our company's existing standard 3.2 inch TFT LCD module, Model# FT-03212, is a 3.2 inch 240*320 IPS TFT LCD, using the ST7789VI driver IC, supporting 4-SPI interface , connnected by by 12-PIN FPC. The module surface brightness is up to 700cd/m², supporting sunlight readablity. The standard module is not designed with a touchscreen yet,  but it could be paired with a touchscreen according to customer needs.

Shengfeng Technology,  is a professional LCD display manufacturer, offering diverse 3.2-inch TFT modules, such as 3.2 inch 240*320 TFT LCD, 3.2 inch 240*320 IPS TFT LCD, 3.2 inch 480*800 TFT LCD, and 3.2 inch 480*800 IPS TFT LCD. Our company can also provide customized solutions according to customer requirements to meet users' specific needs, designing and customizing based on requirements such as device size, resolution, brightness, viewing angle, driver IC, interface type, and touch method.

In summary, selecting the right 3.2 inch TFT display module requires consideration of multiple factors, including resolution, size, viewing angle, brightness, driver IC, interface type, touch method, and customization options. Users need to comprehensively consider these factors based on the device's application scenario and user needs to select the most suitable display module.

Currently, outdoor advertising signs have become an integral part of the city. These advertising signs make cities more lively and vibrant by attracting people's eyes. Among them, LCD advertising signs are one of the most popular types of outdoor advertising.

LCD advertising signs have many advantages. First of all, the display effect of this kind of advertising signs is very good. It uses an LCD screen to display advertising information, and this screen can produce a very clear and bright picture that is also clearly visible in the sunlight. This means that the LCD signage can show excellent visual effects during the day and night, even under adverse weather conditions.

Secondly, LCD signage allows advertisers to change the content of their ads at any time. For traditional signs, if an advertiser wants to change the content of the advertisement, he needs a special worker to replace the sign. However, LCD signage can change the content of the advertisement at any time by electronic means without changing the sign.

In addition, LCD advertising signs also have good durability. These advertising signs are usually made of high quality materials and are waterproof, windproof, and UV-proof. This allows them to work for long periods of time in outdoor environments and not be damaged.

All in all, LCD advertising signage is a very practical type of outdoor advertising. It allows advertisers to get better publicity effect through its comfortable visual effect, flexibility to change the advertisement content at any time and excellent durability, and also creates a more vivid and lively atmosphere for the city.

1. Good display effect: Outdoor LCD digital advertising signage has very good display effect, bright colors, not easily affected by sunlight and rain, and can maintain a clear picture display in various environments.

 

2. High reliability: Outdoor LCD digital signage has high reliability and can adapt to the harsh environmental requirements such as wide temperature range, high humidity and atmospheric pressure changes to ensure long and stable operation.

 

3. Cost saving: Outdoor LCD digital signage does not require complex installation, maintenance and operation costs, and can be controlled remotely to improve operational efficiency and reduce operating costs.

 

4. Customizable: Outdoor LCD digital signage can be customized according to customer needs, including size, resolution, brightness, installation methods, etc., to adapt to different scenarios and needs.

 

5. Safe and reliable: Outdoor LCD digital advertising signage is designed with waterproof, dustproof and lightning-proof, which can ensure the safety and reliability of the equipment and avoid damage caused by natural disasters or other external factors.